George Mason University
Research Paper on Fraud Cause of Global Warming
- INTRODUCTION
The first time I heard the word “global warming” was when I was a fifth grade student. As summer break homework, my homeroom teacher assigned us a research paper on the global warming, and a series of shock overtook me as I kept reading articles about it. Carbon dioxide gases coming out from my dad’s car, my television, computer, and fridge are killing out world! It was a shock and scary enough to freak out a fifth grade student. After I read articles, I went to my dad, who has degrees in biology and physics, to ask is global warming actually going on. And he said that some evidences are found which supports global warming might just be a part of cyclic climate change. So, I decided to research on the global warming, focusing on the point of view that the global warming is not human-made and just a cyclic climate change.
- BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Collapse of iceberg, decreasing icecaps, and other environmental changes were observed, and the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change published a shocking report in 1994 that global warming is in progress and 90% of Ozone layer is destroyed (Wikipedia Global Warming). Many environmental NGOs began public movements for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and formal U.S. Vice President Al Gore made a documentary program about global warming, An Inconvenient Truth, and won Novel Peace Prize. However, what if the theory of global warming is based on uncertified hypothesis? What if a number of fundamental evidence of global warming is fixed and unconvincing? Can we really say that global warming is created by human, not by nature?
The counterargument on the theory of global warming has been highlighted since December of 2009, when emails from the University of East Anglia’s Climactic Research Unit in the U.K. were revealed, stating that leading climate researchers are suppressing scientific data that shows that climate change is not occurring. In those emails, leading climate researcher Phil Jones and Michael Mann, who both participated in IPCC reports, wrote, “I’ve just completed Mike’s Nature trick of adding in the real temps to each series for the last 20 years and from 1961 for Keith’s to hide the decline,” “The fact is that we can’t account for the lack of warming at the moment and it is a travesty that we can’t… Our observing system is inadequate… I’ll be emailing the journal to tell them I’m having nothing more to do with it until they rid themselves of this troublesome editor (Matthews).” Then what scientific evidences have been suggested in favor of man-made global warming?
- SUGGESTED EVIDENCE FOR GLOBAL WARMING
Those famous evidences that those pros of global warming confidently suggest are atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, sea-surface temperature, frequency of hurricanes, and extent of sea ice.
Graph 1: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration (Larry Measures of Global Warming)
Graph 2: Sea-surface Temperature (Larry Measures of Global Warming)
Graph 3: Frequency of Hurricanes (Larry Measures of Global Warming)
Graph 4: Extent of Sea Ice (Larry Measures of Global Warming)
As shown in graph 1, the concentration of carbon dioxide has been increasing exponentially over 50 years. Those in favor of global warming interpret this graph as a result of man’s burning fossil fuels and that it is causing the apparent recent warming trend which is melting the polar caps. Also, they say that if global warming is occurring, then sea-surface temperature and hurricane frequency should be increasing, and polar sea ice should be decreasing. Graphs 2~4 show that the trends for all three hypothesis seem to be consistent. Sea-surface temperature and hurricane frequency appears to have increased about 3% during the time of observation, and sea-ice extent has decreased about 5% over the past 25 years.
Graph 5: Temperature change over the past 100 years
Graph 6: Level of Carbon Dioxide in Atmosphere in past 1200 years
Graph 5 depicts changes in average global temperature changes over the last 100 years, and graph 6 shows the level of carbon dioxide in atmosphere in past 1200 years. Pros of global warming say that the increase in the level of carbon dioxide in atmosphere determines the global temperature.
- EVIDENCE AGAINST GLOBAL WARMING
First off, it is important to address the fact that the Earth is not the only planet to be experiencing climate change in our solar system. According to Andrew Marshall, a Global Research astrophysicist, Pluto has been also experiencing global warming, and it is a seasonal event just like Earth’s seasons change (1-3). In May of 2006, Space.com reported that a massive hurricane occurred on Jupiter caused by climate change, which is expected to raise the planet’s temperature by 10 degrees (Goudarzi). In addition, National Geographic News reported that climate change is indeed a natural phenomenon as opposed to being man-made (Ravilious). This report mentions about NASA’s explanation that Mars’ carbon dioxide ice caps have been melting for a few years just like the Earth (“Global Warming Detected on Triton”). In 2004, the Associated Press and London Telegraph reported that satellites which measure the temperature of sunlight have been recording an increase in the sun’s temperature, meaning that the sun is warming up (“Study says sun getting hotter”) These records suggest that global warming was due to the sun being hotter than it has been in the past 100 years. This means that increasing radiation from the sun is resulting in our climate change.
Claude Allegre, a leading French scientist, was one of scientists who developed the theory of global warming 20 years ago. However, he now believes that increasing evidence indicates that most of the warming comes of natural phenomena. Dr. Allegre and a group of other scientists recently criticized Al Gore’s concept of greenhouse gases causing global warming, and called it “a shame.” They claim that there’s very little evidence to prove that theory, and data collected by satellites and Hubble Telescope show that an increase in solar activity being the cause of climate change (Marshall).
Graph 7: Solar Radiation in past 25 years (Lockwood and Frolhich 4)
Graph 8: Change of the sea-surface temperature in past 25 years (Lockwood and Frolhich 4)
In 2007, Professor Lockwood of the University of Southampton and Dr. Prohlich of Physics-Meteoritics Observatory suggested a number of evidences that the climate change is due to solar activity and some evidence suggested for global warming is unconvincing. Graph 7 shows the variations of solar radiation and graph 8 shows the change of the Sea-surface temperature in past 25 years. With these graphs, they pointed, “… the Earth’s sea-surface temperature does not respond to the solar cycle… even a large amplitude modulation would be heavily damped in the global mean temperature record by the long thermal time constants associated with parts of the climate system, in particular the oceans (Lockwood and Frolhich 3-4).” Why this phrase is important is that, the earth’s temperature is deeply related to the solar activity. For example, as more solar radiation reaches to the earth, the sea and surface temperature should increase in a response to the solar activity. However, graphs suggested by Professor Lockwood do not indicate that the change of the sea-surface temperature corresponds to the solar activity.
Graph 9: Solar Radiation in past 100 years (Lockwood and Frolhich 7)
Graph 10: Length of Solar Radiation in past 100 years (Lockwood and Frolhich 7)
Graph 11: Change of Sea-surface temperature in past 100 years (Lockwood and Frolhich 7)
Graph 9, 10, and 11 show the relationship between the solar radiation and sea-surface temperature in long term. These graphs show that the solar cycle length L presented here does not appear as similar to the inverse of the global temperature as reported elsewhere. This is because previous reports were smoothed with the long time-scale filter. What these graphs mean is that the sea-surface temperature does not follow the solar activity, which supposed to if the sea-surface temperature really measures the global warming.
- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
In December of 2008, more than 650 international scientists attempted to make themselves heard at that week’s UN Global Warming Conference in Poland. The purpose of the group behavior was to debunk claims made by the UN IPCC and former Vice President Al Gore. The 650 dissenting scientists are more than 12 times the number of UN scientists (52 scientists) who authored the media hyped IPCC 2007 Summary for Policymakers (Herr et al 1-2). Dr. Kiminori Itoh, an UN IPCC Japanese Scientists and an award-winning PhD environmental physical chemist, said, “Worst scientific scandal in the history… when people come to know what the truth is, they will feel deceived by science and scientists (Herr et al 5).” A Global Research astrophysicist Andrew Marshall recently revealed a correlation between temperature and cycle length of solar activity, which confirms that the current climate change is not man-made but is due to solar activity (“Global Warming: A Convenient Lie”). As shown in the graph, the land temperature of northern hemisphere follows the cycle length. This means that the cycle length of solar activity leads the temperature changes in the earth.
Graph 12: Northern Hemisphere Land Temperature vs. Solar Cycle (Britt 4)
Those pros of man-made theory suggests the change sea-surface temperature, frequency of hurricanes, and extended icebergs, but they are all natural phenomenons that had happened in the past not only in the earth but also in other planets. Scientists have revealed that the change of sea-surface temperature does not match with the solar radiation and solar cycle, and even leading scientists of man-made theory fixed data and reports in order to promote a global panic. Not only that, those efforts to expose this myth were stifled and those who spoke out were attacked. In fact, there are reported cases of scientists who spoke out against the man-made theory as having received death threats. There were talk of relating those who speak out against the man-made theory as being equal to those who deny the Holocaust. In the Boston Globe commenting on the report issued by the United Nations, Ellen Goodman wrote, “Let’s just say that global warming deniers are now on a par with Holocaust deniers, though one denies the past and the other denies the present and future (“No Change in Political Climate”).” We need to think about why pros of the man-made theory do not suggest any further scientific evidences but publicly humiliate man-made theory deniers.
Those against the man-made theory are not saying it isn’t a good idea to take action to help the environment, but they ask if the majority of scientific data points to the fact that global warming is caused by the sun, then we don’t have to waste our effort and monkey for carbon emission and new construction project so-called green development. If the problems we are facing are based on lies and conspiracy, it will be more difficult to find true solution to helping the environment. It is the time to end this worthless debate, and we should seek what we really can do for the environment with our effort and monkey.
Work Cited Page
Britt, Robert R. “Sun’s Output Increasing in Possible Trend Fueling Global Warming .” Space.com 20 Mar 2003: n. pag. Web. 15 Apr 2010. <http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/sun_output_030320.html>.
“Global Warming Detected on Triton.” NASA 28 Jun 1998: n. pag. Web. 17 Apr 2010. <http://www.scienceagogo.com/news/19980526052143data_trunc_sys.shtml>.
“Global warming.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 21 Apr. 2010. Web. 18, April. 2010.\>
Goodman, Ellen. “No change in political climate.” Boston.com (2007): n. pag. Web. 15 Apr 2010. <http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2007/02/09/no_change_in_political_climate/>.
Goudarzi, Sara. “New Storm on Jupiter Hints at Climate Change .” Space.com 04 May 2004: n. pag. Web. 15 Apr 2010. http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/060504_red_jr.html
Herr, Joe, Mike McEvoy, John Harper, and Marc Morano. “Introduction.” Top Scientists say global warming is a lie 24 Feb 2009: n. pag. Web. 14 Apr 2010. <http://www.iceagenow.com/Top_Scientists_say_global_warming_is_a_lie.htm>.
Larry, Vardiman. “Measures of Global Warming.”Evidence for Global Warming (2007): n. pag. Web. 15 Apr 2010. <http://www.icr.org/article/evidence-for-global-warming/>.
Lockwood, Mike, and Claus Frohlich. “Trends on time scales greater than the solar cycle length.” Recent oppositely directed trends in solar climate forcings and the global mean surface air temperature. Anthony Brookman: Davos Dorf, Switzerland, The Royal Society. 2007. Print.
Matthews, Robert. “Global warming claims ‘based on false data’.” Telegraph 14 Jan 2001: C4. Print.
Marshall, Andrew G. “Global Warming: A Convenient Lie.” Globalresearch.ca. The Global Research Center, 2002. Web. 16 Apr 2010. <http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=5086>.
Ravilious, Kate. “Mars Melt Hints at Solar, Not Human, Cause for Warming, Scientist Says.” National Geographic News 28 Feb 2007: n. pag. Web. 16 Apr 2010. <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070228-mars-warming.html>.
“Study says sun getting hotter.” Associated Press 28 Sep 1997: n. pag. Web. 15 Apr 2010. <http://www.lubbockonline.com/news/092897/study.htm>.
